This paper compares a set of occupation-based indicators measuring digital intensity of work and distils common findings about its distribution in the EU. It starts by providing a comprehensive overview of available occupation-based indicators of digital intensity of work and comparing the methodologies and data used to construct them. It shows that these indicators are rather similar in design, though there are some important differences. It proceeds to compare indicator values by occupation, highlighting that these are broadly similar across available indicators. It then provides a broad mapping of digital intensity of work across different countries and population groups. Finally, the occupation-based indicators of digital intensity are compared to other measures of work digitalisation (worker-reported use of digital skills, occupational exposure to AI) to set them in a broader context.

Read the full study: "Digital skills in Europe: A methodological and empirical assessment"

This article contributes to the broader collection of external ESCO publications, showcasing the use of ESCO within various methodologies or its presentation in both European and International contexts. As ESCO becomes increasingly used in applications and research projects across Europe and beyond, it is valuable to collect such sources and share best practices by diverse stakeholders. Therefore, this collection of external publications strengthens the exchange of knowledge within the ESCO community and can contribute to mutual learning in the field of skills, occupations and qualifications among European and international actors. If you are interested in sharing your publication, please write to EMPL-ESCO-SECRETARIAT@ec.europa.eu